A total of 140 species of Hypotrachyna are recognized from the Neotropics. This is well over 50% of the species known worldwide in this primarily tropical genus and includes 85 species thus far known only from the Neotropics. Keys are provided; synonymy, descriptions, secondary chemistry, distribution maps, habitats, and a selection of herbarium voucher specimens are given for each species. Many previously described taxa are reduced to synonymy.
